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Laurel and Hardy
Laurel and Hardy were a comedy double act during the early Classical Hollywood era of American cinema. The team was composed of thin Englishman, Stan Laurel (1890–1965) and heavyset American, Oliver Hardy (1892–1957). They became well known during the late 1920s through the mid-1940s for their slapstick comedy with Laurel playing the clumsy and childlike friend of the pompous Hardy.〔("Laurel and Hardy." ) ''Britannica Online Encyclopedia.'' Retrieved: June 12, 2011.〕〔Rawlngs, Nate. ("Top 10 across-the-pond duos." ) ''Time Magazine'' July 20, 2010. Retrieved: June 18, 2012.〕 The duo's signature tune, which is known variously as "The Cuckoo Song", "Ku-Ku" or "The Dance of the Cuckoos", was played over the opening credits of their films and has become as emblematic of the duo as their bowler hats.
Prior to their being teamed up, both actors had well established film careers. Laurel had appeared in over 50 films while Hardy had been in more than 250 productions. The two comedians had previously worked together as cast members on the film ''The Lucky Dog'' in 1921. However, they were not a comedy team at that time and it was not until 1926, when both separately signed contracts with the Hal Roach film studio, that they appeared in a movie short together.〔Smith 1984, p. 24.〕 Laurel and Hardy officially became a team in 1927 when they appeared together in the silent short film ''Putting Pants on Philip''. They remained with the Roach studio until 1940 and then appeared in eight "B" movie comedies for 20th Century Fox and Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer from 1941 to 1945.〔McGarry 1992, p. 67.〕 After finishing their movie commitments at the end of 1944 they concentrated on performing in stage shows and embarked on a music hall tour of England, Ireland and Scotland.〔 In 1950, before retiring from the screen, they made their last film which was a French/Italian co-production called ''Atoll K''.
As a team they appeared in 107 films, with the pair starring in 32 short silent films, 40 short sound films and 23 full-length feature films. They also made 12 guest or cameo appearances that included the ''Galaxy of Stars'' promotional film of 1936.〔Seguin, Chris. ("Forgotten Laurel & Hardy film emerges on French DVD." ) ''The Laurel & Hardy Magazine,'' December 3, 2013.〕 On December 1, 1954 the pair made one American television appearance when they were surprised and interviewed by Ralph Edwards on his live NBC-TV program ''This Is Your Life''. Since the 1930s, the works of Laurel and Hardy have been released in numerous theatrical reissues, television revivals, 8-mm and 16-mm home movies, feature-film compilations and home videos. In 2005, they were voted the seventh greatest comedy act of all time by a UK poll of fellow comedians.〔("Cook voted 'comedians' comedian'." ) BBC News, 2 January 2005. Retrieved: 3 December 2013.〕 The official Laurel and Hardy appreciation society is known as The Sons of the Desert which was named after a fictitious fraternal society featured in the Laurel and Hardy film of the same name.
==Early careers==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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